In order to better understand geochemical levels of soil nutrients in farmland of Dongyang city, 3601 soil samples have been collected from the surface layer of 0~20cm in 18 townships and streets in Dongyang city. By using chemical analysis, pH, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium content of the soil have been determined. It is indicated that the pH value of farmland soil in Dongyang city is generally acidic, and the coefficient of variation of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium content is less than 50%, which belong to moderate variability.The spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of soil nutrients in farmland in Dongyang city are affected by soil type, land use patterns and other factors. The average content of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium are 20.98 g/kg, 1.38 g/kg, 0.59 g/kg and 21.83 g/kg respectively. Dongyang city is the third and fourth grade soil zones with a total area of 26982.27 hm2, and account for 85.82% of the total area. It is indicated that the surface soil nutrients in Dongyang city are generally in a moderate and relatively deficient state. There is a weak negative correlation between organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total potassium in soil. Total nitrogen is strongly correlated with soil type and land use status, while total potassium is weakly correlated with soil type and negatively correlated with land use pattern. It is believed that the phosphorus content in farmland soil in Dongyang city is generally low. It is influenced by geological background, cultivation and erosion, while the potassium content is not only affected by cultivation and fertilization, but also related to the parent material and soil forming conditions.