李四光,中国冰川之光——兼论河北沙源岭冰川遗迹的特征、成因与时代
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LI Siguang is the Luminary of China's Glaciology——Characteristics,Genesis and Age of Glacial Relics in Shayuanling Area in Hebei Province
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    摘要:

    1921年春夏之交,李四光先生在河北省沙河市沙源岭一带首次发现了古冰川遗迹,由此开创了我国冰川学的研究,此后我国东部第四纪冰川存在与否的争论延续了一个世纪。为了利用新理论、新技术进一步研究沙源岭的冰川遗迹,笔者多次对沙源岭进行了实地考察,并进行了光释光样品采集与测年工作。调查显示,沙源岭堆积体呈现大小混杂、无层理堆积特征,砾石成分复杂,呈棱角状、次棱角状。冰碛表面磨光面与各类擦痕发育,且存在典型的楔形擦痕,这些都属于冰碛堆积物的典型特征,为冰川作用的堆积遗迹,显示了李四光先生100年前的成因判断不存在误判,准确可靠。经对沙源岭的上游进行地貌调查,其上游以刘石岗为中心存在一个小的冰盖,其上遗存了大量“冰岛型”U谷。在沙河与马会河交汇部位的杏花庄存在典型的“北极型人字脊”,这都指示了沙源岭上游古老冰盖的存在。基于冰蚀地貌与山体隆升的研究结果,结合河北省地层多重划分对比研究结果,综合判断,沙源岭的冰碛堆积时间为渐新世早期,属于老府冰期的冰碛堆积残留。

    Abstract:

    At the turn of spring and summer in 1921, ancient glacier relics in Shayuanling area of Shahe city in Hebei Province was first discovered by Mr. Li Siguang. The study of glaciology in China has been initiated. Since then, the debate on the existence of Quaternary glaciers in eastern China has continued for a century. In order to further study glacial relics of Shayuanling, field investigations, sample collection and dating work have been carried out. It is showrf that accumulated bodies in Shayuanling area have the characteristics of mixed size and non layered accumulation. Gravel composition is complex, with angular and sub angular shapes. The polished surface and various types of scratches on the surface of glacial moraine are developed, and there are typical wedge-shaped scratches, which are typical characteristics of glacial deposits. They are remnants of glacial processes. It is indicated that genesis judgment 100 years ago presented by Mr. Li Siguang's was accurate and reliable, without any misjudgment. According to geomorphological survey of the upper reaches of Shayuanling area, it was found that there is a small ice sheet centered around Liushigang, and a large number of "Icelandic style" U valleys remain on it. At the intersection of Shahe River and Mahui River, there is a typical "Arctic shaped zigzag ridge" in Xinghuazhuang. They indicate the existence of ancient ice caps in the upper reaches of Shayuanling. Based on the research results of glacial landforms and mountain uplift, combining with comparative study of multiple stratigraphic divisions in Hebei province, it is judged that glacial moraine accumulation time of Shayuanling is in early Oligocene. It belongs to residual glacial moraine accumulation of Laofu Ice Age.

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王照波.李四光,中国冰川之光——兼论河北沙源岭冰川遗迹的特征、成因与时代[J].山东国土资源,2025,41(11):

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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-09-29