河北、河南全新世古冰楔构造的发现、光释光测年与环境考古意义
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Discovery of Holocene Ancient Ice Wedge Structures and Significance of Photoluminescence Dating Environmental Archaeology in Hebei and He'nan Provinces
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    摘要:

    本文报道了首次在河北徐水南庄头遗址、河南新密李家沟遗址全新世地层中发现的古冰楔构造及其测年数据。这些古冰楔构造剖面上呈楔形,上宽下窄,向下趋于尖灭,充填物与围岩岩性存在明显的差异。对两地冰楔充填物与围岩分别采集了光释光测年样品,在河北南庄头、河南李家沟冰楔充填物中分别获得了(9.35±0.86) ka BP与(9.38±1.58) ka BP两个年龄值,指向全新世早期。同时在两地冰楔围岩(黄土)中分别获得了(20.23±2.28)ka BP与(26.48±2.24) ka BP光释光年龄值,都指向末次冰期晚冰阶的蒙山冰期。本次研究获得的冰楔充填物年龄与以往遗址考古获得的14C年龄之间具有高度的吻合性。根据全新世气候演化过程分析,认为两地冰楔构造均形成于全新世初期的新仙女木事件。鉴于冰楔构造形成于年均气温至少在6~8℃的严寒环境中,结合两地现代多年平均气温值,计算得出新仙女木事件时,郑州、保定一带的年均降温幅度可达19~21℃,这与蒙山、嵩山、大别山等地发现的全新世冰川遗迹之间,相互佐证了我国东部地区全新世时期存在阶段性超强低温环境。同时,新仙女木事件造成的低温环境严重影响了我国古人类的生存进程,造成了文化间断。

    Abstract:

    The discovery of ancient ice wedge structures and their dating data have been discovered for the first time in Holocene strata of Nanzhuangtou in Xushui in Hebei province and Lijiagou in Xinmi in He'nan province. These ancient ice wedge structures have a wedge-shaped profile, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and tend to tip out downwards. There are significant differences in the filling material and surrounding rock lithology. Luminescent dating samples have been collected from the ice wedge fillings and surrounding rocks in two locations. Two age values, (9.35±0.86) ka BP and (9.38±1.58) ka BP, have been obtained from the ice wedge fillings in Nanzhuangtou area in Hebei province and Lijiagou area in He'nan province respectively, which belongs to the early Holocene. At the same time, photoluminescence ages of (20.23±2.28) ka BP and (26.48±2.24) ka BP have been obtained in the surrounding rocks (loess) of ice wedges in two locations, which belong to late glacial stage of the last ice age in Mengshan Ice Age. The age of ice wedge filling material obtained is highly consistent with the 14C age obtained from previous archaeological sites. According to the analysis of climate evolution process in Holocene, it is believed that ice wedge structures in both places were formed during Neoxiannu event in the early Holocene. Considering that the ice wedge structure was formed in a severe cold environment with an average annual temperature of at least 6~ 8 ℃, combining with modern average annual temperature values of the two places, it is calculated that the average annual cooling amplitude in Zhengzhou and Baoding during New Xiannu event can reach 19~21 ℃. This is consistent with the discovery of Holocene glacier relics, such as Mengshan, Songshan, and Dabie Mountains. It will mutually confirm the existence of a stage specific super low temperature environment in the eastern region of China during the Holocene period. At the same time, the low temperature environment caused by the New Fairy Wood incident seriously affected the survival process of ancient humans in China, and caused cultural discontinuity.

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王照波,何乐龙,朱中华,张斌.河北、河南全新世古冰楔构造的发现、光释光测年与环境考古意义[J].山东国土资源,2025,41(11):

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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-09-29